我们无法想象，如果没有了这些数字产品，生活将会怎样
1.We can not image how will be our life if there have no these digital productions.
can not -cannot/can/t
image-imagine
productions-products
2.We cannot imagine what our life would be like if there were no such digital products.
3.It’s hard to imagine what our life would be like without these digital products.
4.It is hard to picture a life void of these digital facilities.
picture v.想象
void of没有
facilities n.设备，设施
四级写作大纲解读：
1.写作的内容
写作部分考查考生用英语进行书面表达的能力，所占分值为15%o考生根据规定的题目 和所提供的提纲、情景、图片或图表等，写出一篇不少于120词的短文。考试时间为30 分钟。
2.写作的要求
写作部分要求考生用英语进行短文写作，要求思想表达准确、意义连贯、无重大语法错 误。在思想表达方面：要求会表达中心思想、重要或特定信息、表达观点、态度等；
在篇章组织方面：能围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述，突出重点；能组句成段，组段成篇， 符合要求格式。
以上为内容方面的要求。接着在语言方面：要求运用恰当的词汇、正确的语法、标点符号、合适的句子结构以及能够 运用准确的衔接手段表达句子间的关系（如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等）。
3.四级写作评分原则讲解：
四级写作采用总体评分Global Scoring的方法，阅卷老师就作文总的印象给分，而不是按语 言点的错误数量扣分。评卷老师一般根据以下四个方面作为评卷依据：1.选材构思2.篇章结构3.句型结构4.词汇选择
4.中英文在篇章构成上有很大的差异。文章到底写几段呢？三段？四段？五段？考生在创 作六级作文时整体上要遵循“逻辑分段和三段论”的原则，总结起来就是“提出问题，分析 问题，解决问题”这十二个汉字。要做到开篇段提出问题，中间段分析问题，结尾段解决问题。并且，每一段的写作都要遵循“主题句与支持论据支撑”这样的原则：首句为该段的主 题句，其他句子为该主题的支持论据。若无法起到支持主题的作用，这句话即为无效句，必须弃而不用。一般情况下，论说文不要超过四段，四段封顶，也不能少于两段。
5.“提出问题，分析问题，解决问题”这个原则在具体题型中的运用：
四级的作文题型一般可分为四种：对比观点题（是六级考试的重要题型）、现象阐述题、 道理论证题、图表题、书信体、情景式作文。
首先，对比观点题。对比观点题提纲中给出了两种对立观点，要求考生分析两种相反的观点后给出自己的看法。
比如：2006年12月英语四级作文
1.许多人喜欢在除夕夜观看春节晚会
2.但有些人提出取消春节晚会.
3.我的看法.
第二种题：现象阐述题
根据这个思路，那么再看看2010年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案详解
Directions： For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.
1.目前不少父母为孩子包办一切
2.为了让孩子独立，父母应该……
How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?
第三种题：图表题
图表题顾名思义，只要有图表就是图表题了。
2002年6月四级作文
Student Use of Computers
看图写作：根据图表阐述大学生使用计算机的情况并解释原因。
第一段提出问题：（1）概括描述图表：趋势描写；（2）具体描述图表：必要的数据支持（注意细节）。
第二段分析问题：（1）给出自己认为产生变化的原因（本段主题句）（2）细节性论据（主要是原因，用于支持自己的观点，至少两点）。
第三段解决问题：（1）预测未来：提出可能产生的影响或可能的解决办法；（2）总结全文，重申自己的观点。
那么图表题写几段呢？图表题所提供的图表一般也是为了反映某个现象，分析某个趋势。其 实本质上图表题就是现象题。所不同的是图表题第一段通过图表来反映现象，其第二、第三 段与现象题无异，所以图表题也写三段。图表题与现象题唯一区别在于第一段：现象题第一 段描写社会现象；图表题第一段通过描写图表反映现象，都是提出问题。
最后一种应用文写作，即书信写作. 写信要求格式规范。记住写信的逻辑顺序：开篇说写信的目的；不同的内容可分段；感谢客气少不了；期盼回信成习惯。在段落上最多也不要超过四段。
我们看 2005 年 6 月四级作文
In honor of teachers on the occasion of Teacher’s Day
书信写作：在教师节给老师写信表示感谢
2004年1月四级作文
A Letter in Reply to a Friend
书信写作：关于报考大学专业问题给朋友回信
2003 年 6 月四级作文
An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident
书信写作：假设你在某地目击一起车祸就此向警察同志写一份见证书
所以写三段还是写四段，只要把握好“提出问题，分析问题，解决问题”这一原则，然后我们具体去分析。这是内容方面的问题，接下来我们来看语言表达方面的评分依据以及对策；我们在一上课的时候就提出一个写作的法则：少犯错、多出彩。不论是在句型结构方面 还是词汇使用上，如果符号了这两点法则写作绝对没问题了。
首先在句型结构方面：怎么少犯错，怎样多出彩。在句法结构方面许多考生不自信，总觉得自己语法差，所以很怕写有变化的句型结构，结构通篇都是简单句，缺少变化。写好四 级作文，只要掌握主要的句法结构即可。
一、少犯错
写英文句子的黄金法则“一个英文句子只有一个谓语动词”。
我们首先分析一下英文句法结构：简单句、并列句和复合句
简单句只有一套完整的主谓结构；并列句指用并列连词and, but, yet, or, so等将两个以上的简单句连接起来；复合句指用复合连词将两个以上的主谓结构连接起来，从属连词引导的那个句子叫从句。不管是主句还是从句都应具备完整的主谓结构。
我们接着来看写作中常见的句子错误：
1.不完整句：指句子的成分不完整。写作中常见的不完整句有以下两种：
1）把从句当成独立的句子。例如：He did not come. Because he was ill.
Because是复合连词引导原因状语从句，要依附与主句而存在，不能单独成句，所以要 改为：He did not come because he was ill.
2）把不具备完整主谓结构的短语当成独立的句子：I ached all over. Especially in my right shoulder.
Especially in my right shoulder是个介词短语不能充电句子使用，应改为：I ached all over, especially in my right shoulder.
2.逗号连接句
指在没有使用连词的情况下使用逗号来连接两个独立的简单句。
She attended classes in the morning, she worked at the computer laboratory in the afternoon.
应改为：She attended classes in the morning and worked at the computer laboratory in the afternoon.
3.粘连句
1）分句堆积。两个或两个以上简单句出现在没有连词的同一个句子中。如She came in then she asked me whether I knew anything about it.
Then不是连词，所以she came in和she asked之间没有连词，应在then前面加and. 2）混合句：一个句子中出现两个或两个以上谓语动词，最常见的there be结构和其他句型混 杂在一起：There is a girl live next-door.应将live改成living即可。
总之还是那个写英文句子的黄金法则“一个英文句子只有一个谓语动词”如果英语句子中如果没有连词，却出现两个或两个以上谓语动词，修改的方法有：将其中的一个谓语动词改为其非谓语形式；加上从属连词和其他必要成分，使其中一个谓语动词变为从句；加上并列从句，使其成为并列句；将原句拆分为两个独立的句子。
4.不对称并列结构句
由 and, as well as, not only…but also, either…or ,neither…nor 等连接的通常为并列平行结 构，其前后的词汇或短语的语法状态应该是对称的、一致的一一如果前面是不定式，
后面也应该是不定式；如果前面是分词后面也应该是分词。例如：
Having no job and poor; the student had to drop out of school.
应改为：Jobless and poor, the student had to drop out of school.
5.不一致错误句
句子在时态、语态、人称、修饰方面的错误：
1) 时态不——致。如：He was so thirsty that he drinks three glasses of water.
2)语态不一致。例如：After we made sure all the essential steps, the project was started.
前后主语不一致，应改为：
After we made sure all the essential steps, we started the project.
3)人称不一致。例如：I enjoy the Christmas holidays, for you have a chance to visit your friends.
应根据具体情况选择合适的人称，最好用中性的人称代词指代泛指时，比如：me
4)主谓不一致
While scanning through the books, one title caught Susan’s eye.
应改为： while Susan was scanning through the books, one title caught her eye.
接下来我们再来看看如何在句型结构这一环节多出彩。要避免句式单一化。尽量多用不同的句式，并列句(not only, but also ;not…but)转折句(yet, however; nevertheless, in spite despite that)，因果句(therefore, consequently , so that, accordingly)插入语(that is to say, so to speak同位语)，分词做状语结构等等。有意识地去 用上以下这些结构，或者把你的句子改装成以下这些结构：
二、多出彩
其实在句法表达方面，写作和翻译是相通的。如果在这方面准备做得好，不光写作时不会无 从下笔，答翻译题也会感觉轻松很多。考生需要掌握以下基本结构：
(1)原因状语(从句)
从句引导词：(only/just/simply) because, since, as now (that), in that, seeing (that), considering (that), for the reason that
介词短语结构：because due to, owing to, thanks to, on account as a result o£ in view o£ by virtue of, by reason of, in consequence of, in consideration of
短语动词结构:come from, result from, arise from, stem from, be born of
(2)让步状语(从句)
从句引导词：although + 从句，(still/yet/nevertheless ) + 从句，even if7though+从句，主句(直陈或虚拟)
名词短语结构：no matter
how/when/where/who/what/which/however, whenever, wherever, whoever, whatever, whichever
名词(短语)引导：in spite despite, regardless of
(3)条件状语从句
从句引导词：if+从句，(then)+主句；if…not=unless…if only, so/as long as, suppose+从句+主句
虚拟条件：but that/for (如果没有，要不是)；only if (要是…多好)
4..Lexical Resource
接着是词汇选择方面：几乎所以的考生都缺乏自信，总觉得自己的词汇量不够。背过的单词 又用不上，不知如何将有限的词汇应用到写作中去，写出有亮点的文章来，所以写出来的文 章往往用词低级没有亮点或者词不达意，得不到高分。那么平时多积累些四六级作文的短语， 写作时有意识地用这些表达来使自己的文章出彩。在词汇表达方面,考生在平时要注意积累一些在四级写作中常用的表达,只要勤加练习， 便可在考试中熟练实用。达到润色文章的目的，部分常见表达总结如下：
更好地驾驭生活：be a better pilot of one’s life
剥夺机会/权力：deprive oneself of the chance/right/opportunity
取代旧的方式：substitute for/take the place of the old way
采取措施：take effective steps/measures to
控制我们的环境：take/gain increasing control over our own environment
躲避危险/挑战：shy/run away from the dangers/challenge
满足要求： meet/satisfy/accommodate the demand of
补偿损失：compensate for/make up for the loss/damage
解释某现象：account for/explain the phenomenon
出努力：make
tremendous/persistent/sustained effort to do sth., take great pains to do(with work/study)
对有了更多的了解：have a better
understanding/appreciation of; have a new
perspective on. provide/gain an insight into
把…考虑进去:take sth. Into account(consideration), give much thought to
品位人生/ 自由 /青春：savor the life/freedom/youth
培养对 的信心、：develop/foster one’s interest/confidence in
经历变化/困难/艰险：undergo/experience great
changes/hardships/experience
树立良好形象/表现出自信心等：project a positive image/one’s confidence
生活充满不公正的地方：life is full of minor irritation/injustice
学习知识/技术：pursue/acquire
knowledge/technology/skill
被看作学习的 榜样：be held up as a good example
交流经验/知识：share
experience/ideas/problems/knowledge
发挥/起到重要/积极的作用：play an (important/active/great) role/part
逃学/缺课：skip school/a class/a meeting/a lecture
知识识/经验丰富：rich in knowledge/experience
确立/追求目标/更高标准：set/pursue a goal/higher standard
到达目标：achieve/accomplish/stain the goal/aim/objective
克服危险困难： overcome obstacles/difficulty
面临危险/困难：be confronted/faced with/in the face of danger/difficulty
阻碍了成功：stand in the way of success, be an obstacle/barrier to success/growth
阻碍了发展：hamper/impede/stunt the development of
持传统的看法：hold conventional wisdom
发表看法：voice/express one’s opinion
持相反/合理的观点：take the opposite/fresh view
揭穿某种一贯的说法：shatter the myth of
求得帮助：enlist one’s support/help
缩小差别：bridge/narrow/fill the gap/gulf (between city and country)
把成功/错误归咎于：attribute/own the success/failure to
对……很重要：be
indispensable/important/vital to
施加学业压力：put/exert a academic pressure on
重视：assign/attach much importance/significance to
强调：place/put much emphasis/stress/value on
把注意力集中在：focus/concentrate one’s
attention/efforts/thoughts upon
提供机会/信息：provide/offer/furnish an opportunity/information for sb.
抓住机会：grab/seize/take the opportunity
得到机会：enjoy/gain access to a opportunity/information
有可能： there is (little/much) possibility/likelihood that, chances/the odds are that
展开竞争：compete against/with sb. for the
prize/position/control/the mastery of
开 展 运 动： conduct(
carryon/undertake/initiate/launch/wage) a(vigorous/nation-wide/publicity/advertising) campaign (for/against)
对某人很有/没有什么意义：make much/little sense to sb
献身于：devote/dedicate/commit oneself to a cause/career
大不(没什么)两样：make much(little/no) difference
真正重要的是： what really matters/accounts is …
改变生活旅程：change/alter the course of life
建立在大量的学习/实践上：built on tremendous amount of study/practice
进行调查/执行任务：conduct/carry out an study/task/experiment
辞去工作/学习：leave/quit one’s job/work/school
参加考试/竞赛等：enter (for) the examination/contest, race
参加活动/讨论：take part/participate/be engaged in
sports/activities/discussion
影响思想/态度/事件的形成：shape one’s thinking/attitude
进入大学/社会/家庭/劳力市场/职业：enter a
school/college/society/the work force/professionals
实现自己的理想/愿望：realize/fulfill/achieve one’s dream(hops/wish/desire)
减轻压力/紧张：reduce/alleviate/relieve the stress/pressure/tension
提高社会地位：enhance/improve/upgrade social status/position/standing rise to the position of leadership
提高技术/能力：sharpen (
increase/improve/enhance/boost) one’s skill/ability
加快/促进发展：
accelerate/facilitate/advance/enhance/boost the development of
随着生活节奏的力口快： with the quickening pace/rhythm/tempo of modem life/society
开阔眼界/兴趣：broaden one’s interest/outlook, expand(broaden/enlarge) one’s mental horizons
有助于 了解/发展/宣传/解决：contribute much/little/greatly/to a better understanding of/the popularity of/the growth of/the solution of
有助于解决问题：go a long way to(towards) solving the problem
迷恋名利/分数：be obsessed/preoccupied with grades/fame/fortune
把时间花/浪费在：spend/waste time doing sth., put in hours doing sth.
利用机会/技术：make (full/better) use of/take advantage of opportunity/time, tap technology potential/skills/talent
把知识/经验运用到…：apply/put the
theory/knowledge/experience,,, to practice/daily life/good use
取得进步： make much progress/strides/gains in
充分发挥潜力/能力：develop one’s ability/potential to the full, give full play to one’s ability
充满激情/渴望：have a burning desire/a great passion for
Lessen Stress in Your Life
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Lessen Stress in Your Life. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1.造成人们生活压力较大的原因是什么？
2.如何减少人们的压力？
Sample:
T he acceleration of industrialization and economic prosperity benefit society a great deal. But with the speeding up of economic development, people are facing increasing pressure in various aspects of their life.
One of the major causes is that the pace of life has accelerated immensely as technology advances. To keep abreast with (与…并进，跟上，不落后于)society, people have to work intensively and expand their knowledge. Fierce social competition deprives people of leisure time and makes their lives more stressful. Another factor comes from family pressure and the need to take care of their family members. On the one hand, people have to care for their parents, creating for them a happy and comfortable life. On the other hand, they have to give their children a good education.
To relieve their stress, I think the following suggestions are feasible and practical. First, people should take up sports games in their spare time or on the weekends. Another thing people can do is to communicate with others frequently and confess their troubles and difficulties to others, which is an almost magic way to relieve stress. Finally, people have to strike a balance between money and their health. Otherwise, their health w川 fail. In brief, we should not sacrifice our health for a good life. We should change our priorities and improve our lives without working ourselves to death.
表示现象很流行、很普遍的表达：
面临问题：
1.Sandstorms are getting more and more serious in some parts of China, especially in spring, and it has captured most people’s attention.
2.We cannot ignore the fact that the shortage of housing is one of the most serious problems facing many big cities in China.
3.Like many other countries, nowadays, China is facing a serious problem of brain drain. Like many other countries, nowadays, China is facing a serious problem of brain drain.
4.Nowadays, we are faced with a lot of troublesome problems.
引起关注：
1.Currently, there is widespread concern over high school dropouts.
2.Nowadays, whether or not students should take part-time jobs is a much discussed topic on campus.
3.Recently, there has been a heated discussion about whether the national English Test Band
4.Nowadays, a debate arises on whether competition or cooperation should be stressed in school education.
现状：
1.With the development of science and technology, computers have found a wide application not only in offices, but also in many families.
2.With science and technology highly developed and people’s living standard greatly improved, the Internet, as a new media has come into our lives/has become widely used/has gained more and more popularity.
3.With the development of higher education, and increasing number of people have come to realize the importance of knowledge.
4.Nowadays, lengthy holidays have aroused Chinese people’s enthusiasm for traveling.
一、写作应试总攻略
（一）文章开篇写作
开头精彩的作文往往能取得较高的分教，所以建议尽量用复合句写第一句话，最好在里面加 2—3个较难的词或者词另外，在写议论文时，考生还可以引用名人名言，如：A proverb says, “You are only young once.”（适用于 已记住 的名言）It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（适用于转述名言）
（二）文章主体写作
1.善用引导词可以把引导词（如表次序的词）置于段首或文中比较显著的位里，使文章更 具条理性。推荐：
1）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally
2） to start with, next, in addition, finally
3） first and foremost, besides, last but not least
4） most important of all, moreover, finally
5） on the one hand, on the other hand
6） for one thing, for another thin
不推荐（因为已被用滥了，不太有新意，无亮点）：
1） first, second, third, last
2） firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally
3） 1:he first, the second, the third, the last
4） in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly
2.多用书面语。写文章应该多用书面语。如：在表示“好”时，选择generous> interesting> smart、 gentle等词要比单用nice或good效果好得多
3.善用短语。使用适当的短语不仅能吸引阅卷者眼球为文章增色，还有可能增加文章字教、 减轻字数压力如：
I cannot bear it.可以表达为：I cannot put up with it,
I want it.可以表达为：I am looking forward to it.
4.善于变换句式
1）运用串联词。相信每个考生都希望在作文中写出一些长句以提高文章的可读性，但句子长 越长，失误可能越多，所以不少考生对使对长句战战兢兢。解决这个问题的方法就是多使用 串联词，如：and、besides、furthermore> likewise> moreover等，这些词可以连接前后两个有先后关系或并列关系的句子。
如：I like sports and Jim is fond of drawing.
Not only is the coat soft, but also it’s warm.
2）运用转折句。在评论型作文中，先对自己反对的观点进行一些正面评论.再用转折性连词例 despite that…、still、 however> nevertheless, in spite of 等引出自己的观点，这样做往往 会让自己的论述显得更有说服力。如：
Internet has brought people great convenience in getting information, entertainment and contact with others. However, it offers unhealthy programs that involve violence and sex content.
3）运用失衡句。失衡句常为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句的变形。适当运用失衡句往往 可以突出考生文章中的发光点，增加考试得分，如：
I can do this.可以表达为：This is what I can do.
I’m not sure he can go with us.可以表达为： Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.
4）运用同位语或插入语。合理运用同位语和插入语也是为文章增如亮点的不错选择，这样 不但能增加文章字数，还有可能提高阅卷者对作文的印象分；如：
Mr. Smith, professor of Harvard University, will come to our school at the end of this month.
What do you think I should do?
5）运用排比句。排比句运用得当是一篇作文吸引人的原因之一，它可以使文章读起来琅琅 上口、优美流畅，同样，如果在四级作文中适当加入一些排比句，定能让作文大放光彩。如： Whether your tastes are modem or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our lives.
（三）文章结尾写作攻略
考生在作文结尾部分一定要记得点题.明确提出自己的观点。四级作文一般有以下两种结尾 方式：
1.总结性结尾，如：
In short, we can draw the conclusion that…
To sum up…
In conclusion…
In brief..
2.建议性结尾，如：
Obviously, it is time that we took some methods to solve the problem.
Accordingly, I recommend that some methods be taken.
Consequently, to solve the problem, some methods should be taken.
二、写作中应注意的问题
1.尽量使用四六级词汇
2.多用长句，少用短句，适当加入结构复杂的句子
3.如有可能，在文中适当加入一两句名人名言或谚语
4.结构要清晰，层次要分明
5.文章不要写得太短或太长，合理把握字数，150左右最为宜。
英语写作中常用过渡词
1、句子写作
(1) Coordinating conjunctions/coordinators (并列连词)
and, but, nor; or, so, yet，however; for; as well as, both and , not only but also ,
either……or , neither……nor, nevertheless,
(2) Subordinating
conjunctions/subordinators (从属连词)
after; as long as, if in so far as, since, because, in case, in order that, as, before, once, as i£ every time, till, provided (that), so (that), now that, until, while, though, although, unless, when, lest, whereas,
(3) Other connective words (其它连接词)
what, which, that, hoN, who, whose, where, when, whatever; whoever; whenever; however; wherever;
2、段落写作
(1) Time (时间)
after a short time, after a long time, at the same time, at last, before then, lately, meanwhile, nowadays, shortly, recently, afterwards, since, now then, during, in due time, temporarily, presently, thereafter after a while afterward, again also, and then as long as, at last at length, at that time before, besides earlier; eventually finally, formerly further; furthermore in addition, in the first place in the past, last lately, meanwhile moreover, next now, presently second, shortly simultaneously, since so far, soon still, subsequently then, thereafter too, until, until now, when, as, while
(2) Sequence (顺序)
first of all, last of all, to begin with, at the end of in the first place, in the second place, at length, last, lastly, eventually, next, firstly, secondly, first, second, etc.
(3) Location (方位)
adjacent to, at the top, at the right, to the right, in the distance, far behind, far ahead, in the centre, nearby, in front of, opposite, straight, ahead, etc.
(4) Argumentation (议论)
additionally, in addition, in addition to, and then, again, moreover; tooz further; besides, further; furthermore, still, etc.
(5) Comparison (比较)
in the same way, in the same fashion, in a similar manner; in a like manner; likewise, similarly, also, equally, again, in comparison likewise, similarly equally, however likewise, in the same way
(6) Contrast (对比)
in contrast, not withstanding, on the other hand, on the contrary, despite this, in spite of otherwise, nevertheless, however; yet, fortunately, all this may be true, etc.
(7) Demonstration (证明)
as a matter of fact, in fact that, as an example, for instance, to illustrate this, in other words, particularly, specifically, incidentally, etc.
(8) Result (结果)
as a result, for this reason, accordingly, consequently, eventually, thereby, therefore, hence, thus, then, etc.
(9) Purpose (目的)
for this purpose, for this reason, for a variety of reasons, with this objection, objectively, subjectively, etc.
(10) Conclusion (结论/总结)
as I have said, as can be seen, as shown above, as a result, as noted, as stated, in conclusion, on the whole, indeed, thus, it goes without saying that, in summary in a word, in brief in conclusion, to conclude in fact, indeed in short, in other words of course, it is true specially, namely in all, that is to summarize, thus as has been said, altogether in other words, finally in simpler terms, in particular that is, on the whole to put it differently, therefore
(11) Further logic表层进或进一步罗列
first, firstly to begin with, second, secondly to start with, third, thirdly what’s more, also and then, and equally important, besides in addition, further in the first place, still furthermore, last, last but not the least, next besides, too moreover; finally
(12) Examples or illustration 表举例
for example for instance, to illustrate as an illustration, after all
(13) Explanation 表解释
as a matter of fact frankly speaking, in this case namely, in other words
(14) Emphasis 表强调
of course indeed, above all most important, emphasis certainly in fact
(15) Concession 表让步
still nevertheless, in spite of all the same, even so after all, concession granted naturally, of course
(16) Point-turning logic 表转折
by contrast although, at the same time but, in contrast nevertheless, notwithstanding on the contrary, on the other hand otherwise, regardless still, though yet, despite the fact that even so, even though for all that, however in spite of instead
